What Is MOTS-C?
MOTS-C (Mitochondrial ORF of the Twelve S rRNA type-C) is a 16-amino-acid peptide (MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR) encoded by a small open reading frame within the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA gene. Its discovery established a new class of mitochondria-derived signalling peptides — distinct from nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins. Under metabolic stress (glucose limitation, oxidative stress), MOTS-C translocates from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm and subsequently to the nucleus, where it modulates adaptive gene expression programs.
The primary metabolic mechanism involves MOTS-C's inhibition of the folate-methionine cycle, leading to accumulation of the AMPK activator AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide), which promotes AMPK phosphorylation at Thr172. Activated AMPK drives glucose transporter GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane (increasing glucose uptake), suppresses mTORC1-mediated anabolic pathways, and stimulates PGC-1α-dependent mitochondrial biogenesis. Research models have utilised MOTS-C to study insulin sensitisation, exercise-mimetic effects, metabolic adaptation to stress, and age-associated metabolic decline.
For downstream IGF-1 axis research, see IGF-1 LR3 (IG10). For upstream GHRH-axis GH stimulation, see Sermorelin (SMO5 / SMO10). For research use only.
MOTS-C Products
Supplied as lyophilised powder in boxes of 10 research-grade vials.
Quality Assurance
Frequently Asked Questions
Where can I buy MOTS-C in Australia?
Eternal Peptides Wholesale is an Australian-based online wholesale distributor. MC10 (MOTS-C 10mg, box of 10) is $495.00. Check the product page for available batch reports. Consult our Shipping Policy for processing and delivery estimates. Dispatch origin can vary, including offshore fulfilment; Australian business ownership does not guarantee domestic stock or customs-free delivery. For research use only.
What makes MOTS-C unique compared to other peptides?
Most research peptides are nuclear-encoded proteins targeted to various cellular compartments. MOTS-C is one of a very small class of peptides directly encoded in the mitochondrial genome — specifically within the 12S rRNA gene. This makes it part of a mitochondria-to-nucleus communication axis and positions it as a metabolic stress signal produced at the site of cellular energy production. For research use only.
How does MOTS-C activate AMPK?
MOTS-C inhibits MTHFD1L in the folate cycle, reducing AICAR (5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide) conversion and causing its accumulation. AICAR is a well-characterised AMPK activator — it mimics AMP and activates AMPK allosterically, promoting Thr172 phosphorylation. AMPK activation then drives glucose uptake (GLUT4 translocation), inhibits mTOR, and stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis via PGC-1α. For research use only.
How is MOTS-C tested?
Review the published reports for the selected product and batch. Only the tests and results shown on those reports apply; do not assume additional methods or testing were performed.